Traditionally, Malanka is celebrated on January 13th, which is New Year’s Eve on the Julian calendar. The actual origins of Malanka are unknown but there are a few theories:

Religious peoples believe it is a celebration of St. Melania who was born to wealthy Christians. After the sad loss of their two young children, Melania obtained her husband’s permission for religious dedication. She chose to use her wealth to build monasteries, convents, and aid the church. The Eve of the New Year was a feast in honour of Melania’s contribution of wealth for a virtuous purpose.

Some people believe the celebration stems from a folktale. Lada (Mother Earth) had two children, a son who was the Moon (Knias Misyats) and a daughter Spring-May who was later called Mylanka because she was loving (myla) to the whole world. It was she who covered the world with flowers and greenery every May. The ‘Evil One’ stole Malanka (Mylanka) to his underground kingdom. He kidnapped her at a time when her brother, the Moon, was hunting. Eventually the ‘Evil One’ freed her, but while she was absent from the world, there was no Spring. Upon Malanka’s release from captivity the flowers and greenery were brought to life once again. Therefore, the celebration of Malanka symbolizes the beginning of Spring and a new season.

In different parts of Ukraine, Malanka celebrations differ slightly, but it still remains a day of public enjoyment and entertainment. The merrymaking usually begins with ‘Malanka’ (a bachelor dressed up in women’s clothing humorously parodying a lady in the village whom everyone can identify). He (Malanka) progresses through the village followed by “Mummers” or spirited actors dressed up in costumes and masks. They herald in the New Year by playing pranks and acting out small plays. The slow-moving procession stops once in a while and a folk theatre performance begins, full of humour, carolling and improvisations. People wish each other good health and good fortune. One wish is particularly important: good crops and plentiful yields.

The Malanka festivity is rich in ancient ritual and folklore. We may not believe in the old myths, or carry on the ancient theatrical procession, but what better way to bring in a new year than to celebrate with traditional Ukrainian food and exceptional entertainment in the company of close friends.